Product Name: LEXOB

Type: Oral Water-Soluble Powder - Antibiotic Combination

COMPOSITION

Each 100 g contains:

• Lincomycin Hydrochloride USP ...... 5 g (5% w/w, 50 mg per gram)
• Spectinomycin BP ...... 7.5 g (7.5% w/w, 75 mg per gram)
• Spiramycin Adipate BP Vet ...... 2.5 g (2.5% w/w, 25 mg per gram)
• Bromhexine Hydrochloride BP ...... 0.5 g (0.5% w/w, 5 mg per gram)

DESCRIPTION

LEXOB is a comprehensive broad-spectrum antibiotic combination powder containing lincomycin, spectinomycin, spiramycin, and bromhexine. This quadruple-action formulation provides enhanced antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as Mycoplasma species, making it an effective treatment for complex respiratory infections in poultry .

Lincomycin is a lincosamide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit . Spectinomycin is an aminocyclitol antibiotic that binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, blocking bacterial protein production . Spiramycin is a macrolide antibiotic that also binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, providing additional activity against Mycoplasma and gram-positive bacteria . Bromhexine is a mucolytic agent that reduces mucus viscosity and enhances the penetration of antibiotics into respiratory tissues .

MECHANISM OF ACTION

Lincomycin:

• Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit
• Interferes with peptidyl transferase activity, preventing peptide bond formation
• Active against gram-positive bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and Mycoplasma species

Spectinomycin:

• Binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, blocking bacterial protein production
• Interferes with the initiation of protein synthesis and causes misreading of mRNA
• Particularly effective against gram-negative bacteria and Mycoplasma species

Spiramycin:

• Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis
• Highly concentrated in lung and respiratory tissues
• Active against Mycoplasma, gram-positive bacteria, and some gram-negative bacteria
• Exhibits both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects

Bromhexine:

• Acts as a mucolytic agent, reducing the viscosity of bronchial secretions
• Depolymerizes mucopolysaccharides, making sputum less viscous and easier to expectorate
• Enhances ciliary activity in the respiratory tract, facilitating clearance of infectious material
• Increases the ability of antibiotics to penetrate into the bronchi, leading to more rapid and effective concentrations of antimicrobials

Synergistic Combination:

• Lincomycin and spectinomycin act synergistically against Mycoplasma and mixed bacterial infections
• Spiramycin adds additional coverage against Mycoplasma and gram-positive bacteria, with high lung tissue affinity
• Bromhexine enhances antibiotic penetration into respiratory tissues and improves clinical outcomes
• This quadruple-action formulation provides comprehensive coverage for complex respiratory infections

ANTIMICROBIAL SPECTRUM

LEXOB is effective against a broad range of microorganisms:

Mycoplasma:

• Mycoplasma gallisepticum - chronic respiratory disease (CRD)
• Mycoplasma synoviae - infectious synovitis, respiratory disease
• Mycoplasma meleagridis - in turkeys

Gram-Positive Bacteria:

• Staphylococcus spp.
• Streptococcus spp.
• Clostridium perfringens

Gram-Negative Bacteria:

• Escherichia coli - colibacillosis
• Salmonella spp. - salmonellosis
• Pasteurella multocida - fowl cholera
• Haemophilus paragallinarum - infectious coryza

INDICATIONS

LEXOB is indicated for the treatment and control of respiratory and enteric infections in poultry caused by lincomycin, spectinomycin, and spiramycin-sensitive bacteria .

Disease Conditions:

• Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) - mycoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum
• Complex Chronic Respiratory Disease (CCRD) - mixed infections involving Mycoplasma and E. coli
• Infectious Coryza - Haemophilus paragallinarum infection
• Fowl Cholera - Pasteurella multocida infection
• Colibacillosis - E. coli infections affecting the respiratory tract
• Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) - control of secondary bacterial infections
• Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) infection
• Secondary bacterial infections associated with viral diseases (Newcastle disease, Infectious Bronchitis)

PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES

• Lincomycin: Rapidly absorbed after oral administration; widely distributed throughout the body; achieves high concentrations in respiratory and intestinal tissues
• Spectinomycin: Partially absorbed; achieves therapeutic concentrations in respiratory and intestinal tissues; excreted primarily in urine
• Spiramycin: Rapidly absorbed; concentrates in lung tissue (up to 10 times higher than serum levels); has a long duration of action
• Bromhexine: Rapidly absorbed and distributed to respiratory tissues; metabolized to ambroxol (active metabolite)

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION

LEXOB is administered via drinking water. For optimal results, fresh medicated water should be prepared daily.

Recommended Dosage:

• Poultry (Broilers, Layers, Breeders, Turkeys): 1 g per 2-3 liters of drinking water for 3-7 consecutive days
• Alternative Dosage (body weight): 20-30 mg of the combination per kg body weight per day
• Treatment Duration: 5-7 consecutive days for respiratory infections; 3-5 days for enteric infections

Administration Guidelines:

• Calculate total daily water consumption based on flock size, age, and environmental temperature
• Dissolve the required amount of LEXOB in a small volume of water, then add to the main drinking water tank
• For use in automatic water proportioners, prepare stock solution according to manufacturer specifications
• Prepare fresh medicated water daily; discard any unused solution after 24 hours
• Ensure medicated water is the sole source of drinking water during treatment
• For best results, administer over 4-8 hours; may withhold water for 1-2 hours before treatment to encourage rapid consumption
• Do not use with bacteriostatic antibiotics that may cause antagonism

DRUG INTERACTIONS

• Antagonistic: There is antagonism when combined with erythromycin and other macrolide antibiotics when used with lincomycin; however, spiramycin and lincomycin have different binding sites and may be compatible
• Interactions: The effect of anticholinesterase drugs may be reduced when combined with lincomycin
• Synergistic: Lincomycin and spectinomycin act synergistically; spiramycin provides additional coverage; bromhexine enhances respiratory tissue penetration

CONTRAINDICATIONS & PRECAUTIONS

• Egg production: Do not use in laying hens producing eggs for human consumption
• Young birds: Use with caution in very young chicks; consult veterinary guidance
• Liver and kidney dysfunction: Use with caution or avoid in animals with impaired hepatic or renal function
• Hypersensitivity: Do not use in animals with known hypersensitivity to lincosamides, aminoglycosides, macrolides, or bromhexine
• Sensitive species: Do not allow rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, horses, or ruminants access to water containing this product
• Keep out of reach of children
• When handling the product, avoid inhalation, oral exposure, and direct contact with skin or eyes
• Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, protected from direct sunlight
• Protect from moisture
• Use within 28 days after first opening

ADVERSE REACTIONS

• At recommended doses, the combination is generally well tolerated in poultry
• Occasional mild diarrhea may occur due to intestinal flora changes
• If adverse reactions occur, discontinue use and consult a veterinarian

WITHDRAWAL PERIOD

• Meat (Poultry): 7 days
• Eggs: Not for use in laying hens producing eggs for human consumption
• Note: Withdrawal periods may vary by country; always follow local regulatory requirements

STORAGE

• Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C
• Protect from direct sunlight and moisture
• Keep container tightly closed when not in use
• Do not freeze

Target Species: Poultry (Broilers, Layers, Breeders, Turkeys, Ducks, Geese, Quail)

Pack Sizes: 1 Kg HDPE container

PRODUCT SUMMARY
LEXOB Powder Antibiotic Lincomycin HCl USP 5g, Spectinomycin BP 7.5g, Spiramycin adipate BP vet 2.5g, Bromhexine HCl BP 0.5g per 100g Poultry 1 Kg

FOR VETERINARY USE ONLY